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In this tutorial, we will learn to install C in Windows, Mac, and Linux.

Install C on Windows

We will use an open-source Integrated Development environment named Code::Blocks which bundles a compiler (named gcc offered by Free Software Foundation GNU), editor and debugger in a neat package.

Step 1) Go to http://www.codeblocks.org/downloads and click Binary Release.

Step 2) Choose the installer with GCC Compiler, e.g., codeblocks-17.12mingw-setup.exe which includes MinGW's GNU GCC compiler and GNU GDB debugger with Code::Blocks source files.

Step 3) Run thedownloaded installer and accept the default options.

Step 4) Accept the Agreement

Step 5) Keep the component selection default and click Next.

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Step 6) You may change the installation folder and click Next.

Step 7) To launch Code::Blocks double click on the icon.

Step 8) It will detect the gcc compiler automatically, set it as default.

Associate C/C++ files with code::blocks

Step 9) You will see the IDE Home screen.

Install C in Linux

Linux operating systems mostly comes with GCC preinstalled. To verify if the compiler is installed on the machine, run the following command in the terminal:

After executing this command if the gcc is installed on the machine then it will return the information about the compiler otherwise it will ask you to install the compiler.

To set up the 'C' environment on Linux distributions follow the given steps:

1. Open terminal.

2. For red-hat, Fedora users, type and execute this command

3. For Debian and Ubuntu users, type and execute following command

4. To verify that the GCC has been successfully installed on the machine as we discussed earlier, execute the following command

Install C on MAC

To set up a 'C' programming environment on MAC operating system, follow the given steps:

1. Visit the given link https://developer.apple.com/downloads/index.action and download. You will need an Apple developer ID

'Command Line Tools for X-Code,' pick any version (latest version is always recommended) and download the .dmg file.

2. After the file is being downloaded on the machine, double click and follow the wizard and install the file. Always keep the default settings as suggested by the installation wizard.

3. After the installation process, open a terminal and run gcc -v command to check if everything is successfully installed.

Conclusion:

'C' program can be written and executed on any machine that has a suitable environment to run the program. Its recommended using an IDE to run C programs. An IDE includes a compiler, editor and debugger. Clanfg, MinGW compiler (Minimalist GNU for Windows), Portable 'C' compiler, Turbo C are popular compilers available.

Qt is supported on a variety of 32-bit and 64-bit platforms, and can usually be built on each platform with GCC, a vendor-supplied compiler, or a third party compiler. In Qt Creator, a kit specifies the compiler and other necessary tools for building an application for and running it on a particular platform.

Qt Creator automatically detects the compilers that are registered by your system or by an installer and lists them in Tools > Options > Kits > Compilers:

You can add the following compilers to build applications by using other compilers or by using additional versions of the automatically detected compilers:

GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) is a compiler for Linux and macOS.
MinGW (Minimalist GNU for Windows) is a native software port of GCC and GNU Binutils for use in the development of native Microsoft Windows applications on Windows. MinGW is distributed together with Qt Creator and Qt installers for Windows.
ICC (Intel C++ Compiler) is a group of C and C++ compilers. Only the GCC-compatible variant, available for Linux and macOS, is currently supported by Qt Creator.
Clang is a C, C++, Objective C, and Objective C++ front-end for the LLVM compiler for Windows, Linux, and macOS.
clang-cl is an alternative command-line interface to Clang that is compatible with the Visual C++ compiler, cl.exe.
Nim is the Nim Compiler for Windows, Linux, and macOS.
QCC is the interface for compiling C++ applications for QNX.

In addition, the Qt Creator Bare Metal Device plugin provides support for the following compilers:

IAREW is a group of C and C++ bare-metal compilers from the various IAR Embedded Workbench development environments.
Note: Currently supported architectures are 8051, AVR, ARM, STM8, and MSP430.
KEIL is a group of C and C++ bare-metal compilers from the various KEIL development environments.
Note: Currently supported architectures are 8051 and ARM.
SDCC is a retargetable, optimizing C bare-metal compiler for various architectures.
Note: Currently supported architectures are 8051 and STM8.

Redetecting Compilers

When Qt Creator finds an x86_64 GCC compiler, it sets up an instance for the native x86_64 target. If you plan to create also 32-bit x86 binaries without using a dedicated cross-compiler, select Auto-detection Settings > Detect x86_64 GCC compilers as x86_64 and x86. Then select Re-detect to refresh the list of automatically detected compilers.

To remove manually added compilers, select Remove or Remove All.

Specifying Compiler Settings

To build an application using GCC, MinGW, Clang, or QCC, specify the path to the directory where the compiler is located and select the application binary interface (ABI) version from the list of available versions. You can also create a custom ABI definition. For QCC, also specify the path to the QNX Software Development Platform (SDP).

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To enable Microsoft Visual C++ Compilers (MSVC) and clang-cl to find system headers, libraries, and the linker, Qt Creator executes them inside a command prompt where the environment has been set up using vcvarsall.bat. For these compilers, you also specify the path to the script that sets up the command prompt.

You specify the compiler to use for each kit in Tools > Options > Kits.

To add C or C++ compilers:

Select Tools > Options > Kits > Compilers > Add, then select a compiler in the list, and then select C or C++ to add a C or C++ compiler.
To clone the selected compiler, select Clone.
In the Name field, enter a name for the compiler to identify it in Qt Creator.
In the Compiler path field, enter the path to the directory where the compiler is located.
In the Platform codegen flags field, check the flags passed to the compiler that specify the architecture on the target platform.
In the Platform linker flags field, check the flags passed to the linker that specify the architecture on the target platform. The linker flags are used only when building with Qbs.
The other settings to specify depend on the compiler.
In the ABI field, provide an identification for the target architecture. This is used to warn about ABI mismatches within the kits.

Adding Nim Compilers

To build an application using the Nim Compiler, select Tools > Options > Kits > Compilers > Add > Nim, and specify the path to the directory where the compiler is located.

Adding Custom Compilers

To add a compiler that is not listed above or a remote compiler, use the Custom option and specify the paths to the directories where the compiler and make tool are located and options for the compiler.

To add other compilers:

Select Tools > Options > Kits > Compilers > Add > Custom > C or C++.
In the Name field, enter a name for the compiler.
In the Compiler path field, enter the path to the directory where the compiler is located.
In the Make path field, enter the path to the directory where the make tool is located.
In the ABI field, specify the ABI version.
In the Predefined macros field, specify the macros that the compiler enables by default. Specify each macro on a separate line, in the following format: MACRO[=value].
In the Header paths field, specify the paths to directories that the compiler checks for headers. Specify each path on a separate line.
In the C++11 flags field, specify the flags that turn on C++11 support in the compiler.
In the Qt mkspecs field, specify the path to the directory where mkspecs are located. Usually, the path is specified relative to the Qt mkspecs directory.
In the Error parser field, select the error parser to use. Select Custom, and then select Customer Parser Settings to specify settings for a custom parser:
The custom error parser enables you to capture errors and warnings separately. You can configure the error parser in the Error tab and the warning parser in the Warning tab:
1. In the Error message capture pattern field, specify a regular expression to define what is an error. The custom parser matches the compile output line by line against the regular expression and displays errors in the Issues output pane. Create regular expression groups that contain the file name, line number and error message.
2. In the Capture Positions field, map the regular expression groups to File name, Line number, and Message.
3. In the Capture Output Channels field, specify whether messages from standard output, standard error, or both channels should be captured.
4. In the Test group, you can test how the message that you enter in the Error message field is matched when using the current settings.

Troubleshooting MinGW Compilation Errors

If error messages displayed in the Compile Output pane contain paths where slashes are missing (for example, C:QtSDK), check your PATH variable. At the command line, enter the following commands:

If these commands show paths, they have been added to the global PATH variable during the installation of a tool chain based on Cygwin or MinGW, even though this is against Windows conventions.

To keep working with the third-party tool chain, create a new shell link that adds the required paths (as Visual Studio and Qt do). The shell link must point to cmd.exe, as illustrated by the following example:

C:WindowsSystem32cmd.exe /K C:path_tomyenv.bat

where the /K parameter carries out the command specified in the bat file.

Create the myenv.bat file at path_to, which should be in a convenient location. In the file, specify the paths to the tool chains. For example,

set PATH=C:path1;C:path2;%PATH%

where path1 and path2 are paths to the tool chains.

Finally, remove the paths from the global PATH, reboot the computer, and run the where commands again to verify that the global PATH is now clean.

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